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Cardinalis
Cardinals are a genus of small passerines found in North and Central America. There are three species of cardinal; the Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis,) the Desert Cardinal (Cardinalis sinuatus) and the Vermilion Cardinal (Cardinalis pheoniceus.) Male cardinals have bright red plumage while the female plumage is a dark brown-grey color. The head crest is present in both. In extremely rare circumstances, an adult cardinal will be spotted with yellow feathers. This “Yellow Morph” is caused by a lack of pigment enzymes. Fledglings are a light brown. Cardinals typically measure about 6 In (18 Cm) long.
Cardinals feed exclusively on seeds, although some will eat fruit and small invertebrates. I have found that sunflower seeds are very appealing to the Northern Cardinal and attract the largest number. The call is used to claim territory and to attract mates. The call is composed of two upward slurred notes and four lower chirps. They are preyed on by many animals, including Falcons, Hawks, Shrikes, Eagles and domestic cats. Their eggs are eaten by Squirrels and Snakes.
Females normally lay clutches of 3-5 eggs in a small nest built of twigs. The eggs hatch after two weeks of incubation.
The Cardinal is popular to birdwatchers and commonly use bird feeders as a source of food. Birdseed helps maintain the population’s food supply and keeps it stable. Seeds are also important for courtship as the male serves the female seeds. There are strict laws concerning the protection of the Northern Cardinal. It is illegal to catch, kill or possess cardinals lest be punished with a fine of US $15,000 and imprisonment for up to six months.